Everything about John R Brooke totally explained
John Rutter (or Ruller) Brooke (
July 21 1838 –
September 5 1926) was a
major general in the
United States Army during both the
American Civil War and the
Spanish American War. He served as a military
Governor of Puerto Rico and
Governor of Cuba.
Biography
Civil War
Brooke was born in
Pottstown, Pennsylvania, and was educated in nearby
Collegeville and
West Chester. His military career began when he joined the 4th Pennsylvania Infantry with the rank of
captain in 1861. Shortly afterwards, he was promoted to
colonel of the
53rd Pennsylvania Infantry and served in the 1862
Peninsula Campaign.
He temporarily commanded a
brigade during the
Battle of Antietam in September of that year. In May 1863, he was given permanent command of a
brigade of the 1st Division of the
II Corps, which he led in the
Battle of Chancellorsville and during the
Gettysburg Campaign.
On the
Second Day of the Battle of Gettysburg,
July 2,
1863, Brooke found himself in the thick of the action when
Confederate Lieutenant General James Longstreet launched his assault against the
Union lines south of
Gettysburg. Rushed into action as reinforcements by
Winfield Hancock, Colonel Brooke launched a limited
counterattack against oncoming Confederate forces with his brigade in the Wheatfield. Although he was knocked out of action with a severe wound, his men temporarily stopped the Confederates and stabilized the Union line long enough to prevent a breakthrough.
After recovery, Brooke subsequently also fought in the
Overland Campaign, including the
Battle of Spotsylvania Court House and other battles. He was promoted to
brigadier general of volunteers on
May 12,
1864. General Brooke was critically wounded, again, at
Cold Harbor in June. He was later promoted to major general in the volunteer army.
Postbellum career
In 1866, Brooke accepted a commission as the
lieutenant colonel of the
37th U.S. Infantry of the
Regular Army. Three years later, he was given the position of colonel of the
13th U.S. Infantry, serving on the
frontier in various posts.
In 1888, he was promoted to brigadier general and was in command of the
Department of the Platte when the
Ghost Dance began in 1890. He was ordered by General
Nelson Miles to rush the
7th U.S. Cavalry up to
Wounded Knee. He left this command in 1895.
In 1897, he was made a major general and assigned to command the
1st Corps of the Army during the
Spanish-American War. In
Puerto Rico, he landed in
Arroyo with General Hains, and reached
Guayama by the time the armistice was signed. When General Miles left the island in October 1898 to return to the
United States, Brooke became military governor and head of the army of occupation in the U.S. military government. On the
December 6, Brooke was replaced by General
Guy Vernon Henry, and by
December 13, was named to the same position in
Cuba.
He retired
July 21,
1902, in Philadelphia, where he lived until his death at age 88 in 1926. He is buried at
Arlington National Cemetery.
Further Information
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